Method of making a brush



Aug. 16, 1932.

. E. M. HILL METHOD OF MAKING A BRUSH Filed Nov. 29, 1929 hwwziar;

Patented Aug. 16, 1932 METHOD or ivrAKINe A BRUSH Application filed November 29, 1929. SeriaI No. 410,412.

This invention'relates to brushes, and more particularly to bristle or hair-brushes such as are used for painting and cleaning purposes, andalso to a method ofmaking the same. Its general object is to make possible the economical ticle in which the bristles and handle are so y secured as to ensurestrength' and long life.

In the manufacture of such brushes, it has been the custom to engage in opposite ends of a suitable ferrule the butt ends of a bunch of bristles, preferably after they have been bonded together, and the butt portion of a Wooden handle. The ferrule was then compressed against the bristles and handle butt.-

The end of the butt portion was usually formed with pegs which Were forced into the bristles and served to expand them tightly against the interior wall of the ferrule. Inasmuch as such pegs must be made of substantial cross-sectional area in order to ensure strength, they 'tendto push the bristles out of place, especially when heavy rubber cements are used as the bonding *agent. When the brush is soakedin water or in other liquids in which the bristles are caused to become swollen, they tend to buckle at their butt ends and to become lose. When the butt ends of the bristles are bonded together with rubber cements which require heat vulcanization, the assembly of the bristles with the handle and ferrule must be made before such vulcanization, and when vulcanization is thus effected, it is found that not only does the handle impede complete vulcanization because of its shrinks badly becomes loose. ent invention, the butt ends of after being suitably bonded together, are inserted in one end of a ferrule which is then preferably contracted to hold the bristles in place. A thin but rigid metal plate having sharp-end prongs struck out in one direction at substantially uniform intervals from its entire body portion is then other end of the ferrule, pointing in the direction of the bristles, and the prongs are driven into the mass of bristles under the action of heat and production of a finished ar-v present invention.

-' through a poor conductivity, but that it In accordance with the presthe bristles, F

Figure 8 is a passedthroughthe b with the prongs so that the latter are expanded into tight contact with the interior wall of the ferrule. Upon the setting of the bonding agent, the bristles are firmly anchored in place. The butt portion of the handlemay then be driven into the other end of the ferrule against the plate, and a permanent assembly ensured by clamping the ferrule against this portion of the handle. When rubber cements are used as the bonding agent for the butt ends of the bristles, setting and vulcanization of the cement is effected before assembly with the handle. An important advantage of a brush constructed in accordance with the present invention is that it makes possible the employment of more bristles than used in the pegged head type of brush, wherein the pegs occupy a substantial portion of the cross-sectional area of the bristles.

With these and other features and objects ,in view, the invention will now be described in conjunction with certain embodiments thereo shown on the accompanying drawing, wherein F igurel is a front view of an oval typeof brush constructed in accordance with the igure 2 is a side view of a suitable for this type of brus igure 3 represents a fragmentary section I partly assembled brush, and more particularly at that stage when they butt ends of the bristles have been assembled with a ferrule. v V H Figure 4 is a similar view but showing the pronged plate fixed in place.

*igure 5 is Figure 4:.

pronged plate igure 5.

Figure 7 1s a fragmentary section through the brush after assembly with the handle.

similar view, but showing a modified form of construction.

Figure 9 is a plan view of a pronged plate suitable for use with an elongated, narrow rush.

Figure l0 is a horizontal section through the ferrule of such a brush, but wherein a .multi-piece'pronged plate is used.

FigureG is a section on the line 66 of a section on the line 55 of they become set.

2 .0 Figure 2) end. of the ferrule,

w prongs. are

135 agent sets or hardens.v

facts with the upper 3.50 f the handle,

" be provided with 5 into. Various liquid bonding agents such as glue, shellac, or rosin, may be employed for this purpose, but it is preferable to. use rubber cements such as so-called rubber solutlQDfior rubberlatex, because of their resiliency when As shown in Figure '3,the butt end portion 1 of the bunch ofbristles 2 may then be inserted into one end of an openended ferrule 3, preferably made of ductile metal such as steel and having; an openingof 15 a size and shape such that the mass of bristles The lower end 3a. of the fits nicely therein. ferrule is then contracted as in a suitable. die to hold-the butt ends of the bristles: place. A thin but rigid metal plated (shown in of a cross-section somewhat smaller than that of the ferrule and having: sharpend prongs 5 struck out inone direction .at substantially uniform intervals fromitsentire body portion, isthen passed through the open with the prongs pointing in thedirection of the bristles, andthe prongs are driven intothe mass of bristles, as shown. in. Figure t until the plate becomes seatedon the butt ends of thebristles. Asthe forced into the compressiblemass of bristles, thebutt ends of en pandedinto tight contact withrthe interior wall: of the ferrule, and they becomefinmly anchored in this condition when the bonding If a rubber. cement is usedzas the bonding agent, the assembly .is preferably heated at. this stage toefliecta set tingand vulcanization of therubber...

After the plate t has been fixed in place,

* thebuttportionfi of the suitable handlefimay be driven intotlie upper end of. thegfernule, as shown in Figure 7. The butt end 6 isgpreferably, of. such size and configuration; th when it is driven home its lowerendfiuyconface of. the 1 plate, n its upper end 6?) is substantially flushiwith'the .upper; end 3?) of'the ferrule. Preferably, the upper endportion of the ferrule is:then-.contracted to fit snugly against the buttportion withits upper end 3?) turned 7 over against the upper face of the buttportionto prevent the handle from. Working loose. In order further to ensure retention of thev handle in place, the pronged plate -4 may sharp end-prongs 8; struck :outiipwardly, therefrom, as shown inv Figure 8, so thatwhen the butt portion of thehandle .isid'riven home in will enter thereinto and lockthe bjristles 'to h dle.

When brushes of narrow, elongatedform are being made, -.-a Sll'IlllLl fOIIH, Qua-shown a pronged plate 9 designedfor use in this type and in Figure l of brush. Inasmuch as the end:portions of the bristles. are

ferrule a-:.th1n

nature;

the pronged plate may-:tali'e the. bristles of the brush at these regions. A

pronged plate 13 may also be used at the centra-l zone or portion, so as to prevent weakness of the brush-at this zone, where there is maximumtendency, for the bristles to buckle and to become loose when they are soaked in water or other. which, cause their swelling.

' I claim:

11.. Amethodoii making brushesof the; type deseriberl which comprises treating the butt ends ofabunchof bristles with a rubber ce- Inent, engaging; their. ends inone. end .of a female, passing through th other; end. of

said ferrule a thin butrigid metal plate-having prongs struckout {therefrom in the. di rectiola of the: bristles, driving said. prongs into said bristles to expand them into tight contact-with the interior wall; of said ferrule, heating. to. set and vulcanize the.-r;.ubber,.; and fixing the. butt; end (are, handle in the other end; of said ferrule. y 1 ,1

2.. A; method of making brushes of the type described,-. wh-ieh comprises engaging. the butt ends ofarbunch of bristles inioner-endofa ferrule, passing. throughtheother end, of said but. rigid metal plate having prongs struck o.ut.=ther-efrom=ii1 opposite. .drr

recti'ons, driving those. prongs pointmg utthe directionaof thebristlesinto said-bristles-,,and driving. .the buttiendq of ahandle. into-the other end; ofzsaidferrule to cause. the prongs extending in the opposite direction to i enter .theneinto, r

testimony whereof IdiaveafliXed-my signnwann nun the ferrule, the prongs 8 V 

